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des (3)
  • des (1) ( Solaris man: Команды и прикладные программы пользовательского уровня )
  • >> des (3) ( Solaris man: Библиотечные вызовы )
  • des (3) ( Linux man: Библиотечные вызовы )
  • Ключ des обнаружен в базе ключевых слов.
  • 
    
    

    NAME

         des_random_key, des_set_key, des_key_sched,
         des_set_key_checked, des_set_key_unchecked,
         des_set_odd_parity, des_is_weak_key, des_ecb_encrypt,
         des_ecb2_encrypt, des_ecb3_encrypt, des_ncbc_encrypt,
         des_cfb_encrypt, des_ofb_encrypt, des_pcbc_encrypt,
         des_cfb64_encrypt, des_ofb64_encrypt, des_xcbc_encrypt,
         des_ede2_cbc_encrypt, des_ede2_cfb64_encrypt,
         des_ede2_ofb64_encrypt, des_ede3_cbc_encrypt,
         des_ede3_cbcm_encrypt, des_ede3_cfb64_encrypt,
         des_ede3_ofb64_encrypt, des_read_password,
         des_read_2passwords, des_read_pw_string, des_cbc_cksum,
         des_quad_cksum, des_string_to_key, des_string_to_2keys,
         des_fcrypt, des_crypt, des_enc_read, des_enc_write - DES
         encryption
    
    
    

    SYNOPSIS

          #include <openssl/des.h>
    
          void des_random_key(des_cblock *ret);
    
          int des_set_key(const_des_cblock *key, des_key_schedule schedule);
          int des_key_sched(const_des_cblock *key, des_key_schedule schedule);
          int des_set_key_checked(const_des_cblock *key,
                 des_key_schedule schedule);
          void des_set_key_unchecked(const_des_cblock *key,
                 des_key_schedule schedule);
    
          void des_set_odd_parity(des_cblock *key);
          int des_is_weak_key(const_des_cblock *key);
    
          void des_ecb_encrypt(const_des_cblock *input, des_cblock *output,
                 des_key_schedule ks, int enc);
          void des_ecb2_encrypt(const_des_cblock *input, des_cblock *output,
                 des_key_schedule ks1, des_key_schedule ks2, int enc);
          void des_ecb3_encrypt(const_des_cblock *input, des_cblock *output,
                 des_key_schedule ks1, des_key_schedule ks2,
                 des_key_schedule ks3, int enc);
    
    
    
          void des_ncbc_encrypt(const unsigned char *input, unsigned char *output,
                 long length, des_key_schedule schedule, des_cblock *ivec,
                 int enc);
          void des_cfb_encrypt(const unsigned char *in, unsigned char *out,
                 int numbits, long length, des_key_schedule schedule,
                 des_cblock *ivec, int enc);
          void des_ofb_encrypt(const unsigned char *in, unsigned char *out,
                 int numbits, long length, des_key_schedule schedule,
                 des_cblock *ivec);
          void des_pcbc_encrypt(const unsigned char *input, unsigned char *output,
                 long length, des_key_schedule schedule, des_cblock *ivec,
                 int enc);
          void des_cfb64_encrypt(const unsigned char *in, unsigned char *out,
                 long length, des_key_schedule schedule, des_cblock *ivec,
                 int *num, int enc);
          void des_ofb64_encrypt(const unsigned char *in, unsigned char *out,
                 long length, des_key_schedule schedule, des_cblock *ivec,
                 int *num);
    
          void des_xcbc_encrypt(const unsigned char *input, unsigned char *output,
                 long length, des_key_schedule schedule, des_cblock *ivec,
                 const_des_cblock *inw, const_des_cblock *outw, int enc);
    
          void des_ede2_cbc_encrypt(const unsigned char *input,
                 unsigned char *output, long length, des_key_schedule ks1,
                 des_key_schedule ks2, des_cblock *ivec, int enc);
          void des_ede2_cfb64_encrypt(const unsigned char *in,
                 unsigned char *out, long length, des_key_schedule ks1,
                 des_key_schedule ks2, des_cblock *ivec, int *num, int enc);
          void des_ede2_ofb64_encrypt(const unsigned char *in,
                 unsigned char *out, long length, des_key_schedule ks1,
                 des_key_schedule ks2, des_cblock *ivec, int *num);
    
          void des_ede3_cbc_encrypt(const unsigned char *input,
                 unsigned char *output, long length, des_key_schedule ks1,
                 des_key_schedule ks2, des_key_schedule ks3, des_cblock *ivec,
                 int enc);
          void des_ede3_cbcm_encrypt(const unsigned char *in, unsigned char *out,
                 long length, des_key_schedule ks1, des_key_schedule ks2,
                 des_key_schedule ks3, des_cblock *ivec1, des_cblock *ivec2,
                 int enc);
          void des_ede3_cfb64_encrypt(const unsigned char *in, unsigned char *out,
                 long length, des_key_schedule ks1, des_key_schedule ks2,
                 des_key_schedule ks3, des_cblock *ivec, int *num, int enc);
          void des_ede3_ofb64_encrypt(const unsigned char *in, unsigned char *out,
                 long length, des_key_schedule ks1,
                 des_key_schedule ks2, des_key_schedule ks3,
                 des_cblock *ivec, int *num);
    
    
    
          int des_read_password(des_cblock *key, const char *prompt, int verify);
          int des_read_2passwords(des_cblock *key1, des_cblock *key2,
                 const char *prompt, int verify);
          int des_read_pw_string(char *buf, int length, const char *prompt,
                 int verify);
    
          DES_LONG des_cbc_cksum(const unsigned char *input, des_cblock *output,
                 long length, des_key_schedule schedule,
                 const_des_cblock *ivec);
          DES_LONG des_quad_cksum(const unsigned char *input, des_cblock output[],
                 long length, int out_count, des_cblock *seed);
          void des_string_to_key(const char *str, des_cblock *key);
          void des_string_to_2keys(const char *str, des_cblock *key1,
                 des_cblock *key2);
    
          char *des_fcrypt(const char *buf, const char *salt, char *ret);
          char *des_crypt(const char *buf, const char *salt);
          char *crypt(const char *buf, const char *salt);
    
          int des_enc_read(int fd, void *buf, int len, des_key_schedule sched,
                 des_cblock *iv);
          int des_enc_write(int fd, const void *buf, int len,
                 des_key_schedule sched, des_cblock *iv);
    
    
    
    

    DESCRIPTION

         This library contains a fast implementation of the DES
         encryption algorithm.
    
         There are two phases to the use of DES encryption.  The
         first is the generation of a des_key_schedule from a key,
         the second is the actual encryption.  A DES key is of type
         des_cblock. This type is consists of 8 bytes with odd
         parity.  The least significant bit in each byte is the
         parity bit.  The key schedule is an expanded form of the
         key; it is used to speed the encryption process.
    
         des_random_key() generates a random key.  The PRNG must be
         seeded prior to using this function (see rand(3); for
         backward compatibility the function des_random_seed() is
         available as well).  If the PRNG could not generate a secure
         key, 0 is returned.  In earlier versions of the library,
         des_random_key() did not generate secure keys.
    
         Before a DES key can be used, it must be converted into the
         architecture dependent des_key_schedule via the
         des_set_key_checked() or des_set_key_unchecked() function.
    
         des_set_key_checked() will check that the key passed is of
         odd parity and is not a week or semi-weak key.  If the
         parity is wrong, then -1 is returned.  If the key is a weak
         key, then -2 is returned.  If an error is returned, the key
         schedule is not generated.
    
         des_set_key() (called des_key_sched() in the MIT library)
         works like des_set_key_checked() if the des_check_key flag
         is non-zero, otherwise like des_set_key_unchecked().  These
         functions are available for compatibility; it is recommended
         to use a function that does not depend on a global variable.
    
         des_set_odd_parity() (called des_fixup_key_parity() in the
         MIT library) sets the parity of the passed key to odd.
    
         des_is_weak_key() returns 1 is the passed key is a weak key,
         0 if it is ok.  The probability that a randomly generated
         key is weak is 1/2^52, so it is not really worth checking
         for them.
    
         The following routines mostly operate on an input and output
         stream of des_cblocks.
    
         des_ecb_encrypt() is the basic DES encryption routine that
         encrypts or decrypts a single 8-byte des_cblock in
         electronic code book (ECB) mode.  It always transforms the
         input data, pointed to by input, into the output data,
         pointed to by the output argument.  If the encrypt argument
         is non-zero (DES_ENCRYPT), the input (cleartext) is
         encrypted in to the output (ciphertext) using the
         key_schedule specified by the schedule argument, previously
         set via des_set_key. If encrypt is zero (DES_DECRYPT), the
         input (now ciphertext) is decrypted into the output (now
         cleartext).  Input and output may overlap.
         des_ecb_encrypt() does not return a value.
    
         des_ecb3_encrypt() encrypts/decrypts the input block by
         using three-key Triple-DES encryption in ECB mode.  This
         involves encrypting the input with ks1, decrypting with the
         key schedule ks2, and then encrypting with ks3.  This
         routine greatly reduces the chances of brute force breaking
         of DES and has the advantage of if ks1, ks2 and ks3 are the
         same, it is equivalent to just encryption using ECB mode and
         ks1 as the key.
    
         The macro des_ecb2_encrypt() is provided to perform two-key
         Triple-DES encryption by using ks1 for the final encryption.
    
         des_ncbc_encrypt() encrypts/decrypts using the cipher-
         block-chaining (CBC) mode of DES.  If the encrypt argument
         is non-zero, the routine cipher-block-chain encrypts the
         cleartext data pointed to by the input argument into the
         ciphertext pointed to by the output argument, using the key
         schedule provided by the schedule argument, and
         initialization vector provided by the ivec argument.  If the
         length argument is not an integral multiple of eight bytes,
         the last block is copied to a temporary area and zero
         filled.  The output is always an integral multiple of eight
         bytes.
    
         des_xcbc_encrypt() is RSA's DESX mode of DES.  It uses inw
         and outw to 'whiten' the encryption.  inw and outw are
         secret (unlike the iv) and are as such, part of the key.  So
         the key is sort of 24 bytes.  This is much better than CBC
         DES.
    
         des_ede3_cbc_encrypt() implements outer triple CBC DES
         encryption with three keys. This means that each DES
         operation inside the CBC mode is really an
         C=E(ks3,D(ks2,E(ks1,M))).  This mode is used by SSL.
    
         The des_ede2_cbc_encrypt() macro implements two-key Triple-
         DES by reusing ks1 for the final encryption.
         C=E(ks1,D(ks2,E(ks1,M))).  This form of Triple-DES is used
         by the RSAREF library.
    
         des_pcbc_encrypt() encrypt/decrypts using the propagating
         cipher block chaining mode used by Kerberos v4. Its
         parameters are the same as des_ncbc_encrypt().
    
         des_cfb_encrypt() encrypt/decrypts using cipher feedback
         mode.  This method takes an array of characters as input and
         outputs and array of characters.  It does not require any
         padding to 8 character groups.  Note: the ivec variable is
         changed and the new changed value needs to be passed to the
         next call to this function.  Since this function runs a
         complete DES ECB encryption per numbits, this function is
         only suggested for use when sending small numbers of
         characters.
    
         des_cfb64_encrypt() implements CFB mode of DES with 64bit
         feedback.  Why is this useful you ask?  Because this routine
         will allow you to encrypt an arbitrary number of bytes, no 8
         byte padding.  Each call to this routine will encrypt the
         input bytes to output and then update ivec and num.  num
         contains 'how far' we are though ivec.  If this does not
         make much sense, read more about cfb mode of DES :-).
    
         des_ede3_cfb64_encrypt() and des_ede2_cfb64_encrypt() is the
         same as des_cfb64_encrypt() except that Triple-DES is used.
    
         des_ofb_encrypt() encrypts using output feedback mode.  This
         method takes an array of characters as input and outputs and
         array of characters.  It does not require any padding to 8
         character groups.  Note: the ivec variable is changed and
         the new changed value needs to be passed to the next call to
         this function.  Since this function runs a complete DES ECB
         encryption per numbits, this function is only suggested for
         use when sending small numbers of characters.
    
         des_ofb64_encrypt() is the same as des_cfb64_encrypt() using
         Output Feed Back mode.
    
         des_ede3_ofb64_encrypt() and des_ede2_ofb64_encrypt() is the
         same as des_ofb64_encrypt(), using Triple-DES.
    
         The following functions are included in the DES library for
         compatibility with the MIT Kerberos library.
         des_read_pw_string() is also available under the name
         EVP_read_pw_string().
    
         des_read_pw_string() writes the string specified by prompt
         to standard output, turns echo off and reads in input string
         from the terminal.  The string is returned in buf, which
         must have space for at least length bytes.  If verify is
         set, the user is asked for the password twice and unless the
         two copies match, an error is returned.  A return code of -1
         indicates a system error, 1 failure due to use interaction,
         and 0 is success.
    
         des_read_password() does the same and converts the password
         to a DES key by calling des_string_to_key();
         des_read_2password() operates in the same way as
         des_read_password() except that it generates two keys by
         using the des_string_to_2key() function.
         des_string_to_key() is available for backward compatibility
         with the MIT library.  New applications should use a
         cryptographic hash function.  The same applies for
         des_string_to_2key().
    
         des_cbc_cksum() produces an 8 byte checksum based on the
         input stream (via CBC encryption).  The last 4 bytes of the
         checksum are returned and the complete 8 bytes are placed in
         output. This function is used by Kerberos v4.  Other
         applications should use EVP_DigestInit(3) etc. instead.
    
         des_quad_cksum() is a Kerberos v4 function.  It returns a 4
         byte checksum from the input bytes.  The algorithm can be
         iterated over the input, depending on out_count, 1, 2, 3 or
         4 times.  If output is non-NULL, the 8 bytes generated by
         each pass are written into output.
    
         The following are DES-based transformations:
    
         des_fcrypt() is a fast version of the Unix crypt(3)
         function.  This version takes only a small amount of space
         relative to other fast crypt() implementations.  This is
         different to the normal crypt in that the third parameter is
         the buffer that the return value is written into.  It needs
         to be at least 14 bytes long.  This function is thread safe,
         unlike the normal crypt.
    
         des_crypt() is a faster replacement for the normal system
         crypt().  This function calls des_fcrypt() with a static
         array passed as the third parameter.  This emulates the
         normal non-thread safe semantics of crypt(3).
    
         des_enc_write() writes len bytes to file descriptor fd from
         buffer buf. The data is encrypted via pcbc_encrypt (default)
         using sched for the key and iv as a starting vector.  The
         actual data send down fd consists of 4 bytes (in network
         byte order) containing the length of the following encrypted
         data.  The encrypted data then follows, padded with random
         data out to a multiple of 8 bytes.
    
         des_enc_read() is used to read len bytes from file
         descriptor fd into buffer buf. The data being read from fd
         is assumed to have come from des_enc_write() and is
         decrypted using sched for the key schedule and iv for the
         initial vector.
    
         Warning: The data format used by des_enc_write() and
         des_enc_read() has a cryptographic weakness: When asked to
         write more than MAXWRITE bytes, des_enc_write() will split
         the data into several chunks that are all encrypted using
         the same IV.  So don't use these functions unless you are
         sure you know what you do (in which case you might not want
         to use them anyway).  They cannot handle non-blocking
         sockets.  des_enc_read() uses an internal state and thus
         cannot be used on multiple files.
    
         des_rw_mode is used to specify the encryption mode to use
         with des_enc_read() and des_end_write().  If set to
         DES_PCBC_MODE (the default), des_pcbc_encrypt is used.  If
         set to DES_CBC_MODE des_cbc_encrypt is used.
    
    
    

    NOTES

         Single-key DES is insecure due to its short key size.  ECB
         mode is not suitable for most applications; see
         des_modes(7).
    
         The evp(3) library provides higher-level encryption
         functions.
    
    
    

    BUGS

         des_3cbc_encrypt() is flawed and must not be used in
         applications.
    
         des_cbc_encrypt() does not modify ivec; use
         des_ncbc_encrypt() instead.
    
    
         des_cfb_encrypt() and des_ofb_encrypt() operates on input of
         8 bits.  What this means is that if you set numbits to 12,
         and length to 2, the first 12 bits will come from the 1st
         input byte and the low half of the second input byte.  The
         second 12 bits will have the low 8 bits taken from the 3rd
         input byte and the top 4 bits taken from the 4th input byte.
         The same holds for output.  This function has been
         implemented this way because most people will be using a
         multiple of 8 and because once you get into pulling bytes
         input bytes apart things get ugly!
    
         des_read_pw_string() is the most machine/OS dependent
         function and normally generates the most problems when
         porting this code.
    
    
    

    CONFORMING TO

         ANSI X3.106
    
         The des library was written to be source code compatible
         with the MIT Kerberos library.
    
    
    

    SEE ALSO

         crypt(3), des_modes(7), evp(3), rand(3)
    
    
    

    HISTORY

         des_cbc_cksum(), des_cbc_encrypt(), des_ecb_encrypt(),
         des_is_weak_key(), des_key_sched(), des_pcbc_encrypt(),
         des_quad_cksum(), des_random_key(), des_read_password() and
         des_string_to_key() are available in the MIT Kerberos
         library; des_check_key_parity(), des_fixup_key_parity() and
         des_is_weak_key() are available in newer versions of that
         library.
    
         des_set_key_checked() and des_set_key_unchecked() were added
         in OpenSSL 0.9.5.
    
         des_generate_random_block(),
         des_init_random_number_generator(), des_new_random_key(),
         des_set_random_generator_seed() and
         des_set_sequence_number() and des_rand_data() are used in
         newer versions of Kerberos but are not implemented here.
    
         des_random_key() generated cryptographically weak random
         data in SSLeay and in OpenSSL prior version 0.9.5, as well
         as in the original MIT library.
    
    
    

    AUTHOR

         Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com). Modified for the OpenSSL
         project (http://www.openssl.org).
    
         des_ecb_encrypt, des_ecb2_encrypt, des_ecb3_encrypt,
         des_ncbc_encrypt, des_cfb_encrypt, des_ofb_encrypt,
         des_pcbc_encrypt, des_cfb64_encrypt, des_ofb64_encrypt,
         des_xcbc_encrypt, des_ede2_cbc_encrypt,
         des_ede2_cfb64_encrypt, des_ede2_ofb64_encrypt,
         des_ede3_cbc_encrypt, des_ede3_cbcm_encrypt,
         des_ede3_cfb64_encrypt, des_ede3_ofb64_encrypt,
         des_read_password, des_read_2passwords, des_read_pw_string,
         des_cbc_cksum, des_quad_cksum, des_string_to_key,
         des_string_to_2keys, des_fcrypt, des_crypt, des_enc_read,
         des_enc_write - DES encryption"
    
    
    
    


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